Content and keywords get most of the attention in SEO conversations, but a technically broken website can undermine even the best content. Run through this checklist before assuming your site's foundations are solid — most businesses find at least three or four gaps on their first pass.
Crawlability & Indexing
-
robots.txtexists and isn't accidentally blocking important pages -
sitemap.xmlexists, is current, and is submitted to both Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools - No orphan pages (pages with no internal links pointing to them)
- Google Search Console shows no unexpected "excluded" or "not indexed" pages
- Canonical tags are correctly set on every page, pointing to the intended version
Site Structure
- URL structure is logical and consistent (lowercase, hyphens not underscores, no unnecessary parameters)
- Clear hierarchy: homepage → category/service pages → individual pages, no more than 3-4 clicks deep
- Breadcrumb navigation present on inner pages
- 404 errors checked and fixed or redirected (Search Console → Pages report)
- No redirect chains (A → B → C instead of a direct A → C)
On-Page Fundamentals
- Every page has a unique title tag and meta description
- One H1 per page, with a logical H2/H3 hierarchy beneath it
- Images have descriptive alt text
- Internal links use descriptive anchor text, not "click here"
Structured Data
- Organization/LocalBusiness schema on homepage
- Article schema on blog posts
- FAQPage schema where genuine FAQ content exists
- Schema validated with Google's Rich Results Test — no errors or warnings
Mobile & Performance
- Site passes Google's Mobile-Friendly Test
- Core Web Vitals (LCP, INP, CLS) are in the "Good" range in Search Console's field data report
- No intrusive interstitials blocking content on mobile
Security & Technical Basics
- HTTPS is enforced site-wide, with HTTP redirecting to HTTPS
- No mixed-content warnings (HTTP resources loading on HTTPS pages)
- www vs non-www is standardized with a proper 301 redirect, not left ambiguous
AI Search Readiness
-
llms.txtfile present at domain root - Key pages answer their core question within the first 100 words
- Content updated recently enough to reflect current information (visible "last updated" dates help)
How to Run This Yourself
Google Search Console covers indexing, Core Web Vitals, and mobile usability directly. Google's Rich Results Test validates schema. Screaming Frog (free up to 500 URLs) is the standard tool for crawling your own site to catch broken links, missing tags, and redirect chains at scale.
The Bottom Line
Most of this checklist takes an afternoon to work through manually, and the gaps it surfaces are often the reason a genuinely well-written, well-designed website still underperforms in search. Technical SEO isn't glamorous, but it's the floor everything else stands on.
Want us to run this full audit on your site and send you the results? Request a free technical SEO audit.